However, there is relatively little published literature that considers the full suite of scenario archetypes for Africa, and few comparable studies on the same species groups, precluding the assessment of collective responses per taxon at this time. For the most part, this results in low resolution and levels of certainty about the future of biodiversity and NCP in Africa. Specifically, there is a need for further scenarios and modelling work on tropical ecosystems that takes into account the different levels of biotic interactions and that incorporates sufficient geographical (scale issues), ecological and taxonomic resolution (Kissling et al., 2010; Jaramillo et al., 2011). [...]
There is a strong spatial bias towards biodiversity studies in Southern Africa (South Africa specifically), and to a lesser extent, East Africa. Central Africa is most poorly represented. The direct links between biodiversity features, ecosystem services and human livelihoods are not well explored. Instead, most of the literature focuses on forecasting species’ range shifts, extinction risk and habitat loss. This points to an urgent need for making the biodiversity and ecosystem services benefit linkage more explicit in future scenarios work.